What must a 16-foot canoe have on hand when away from the dock after dark?

A 16-foot canoe must have a flashlight or lantern on hand when away from the dock after dark because this equipment is essential for navigation and safety. Having a reliable light source allows the operator to see obstacles, signals, or navigational markers in the water, thereby enhancing the visibility and safety of the canoe and its occupants.

In addition, the law often requires that vessels must be equipped for nighttime operation, which includes having a means to illuminate the surrounding area. A flashlight or lantern serves this purpose effectively, providing light during tactical situations or emergencies when visibility may be limited.

While other items mentioned might be useful for signalling or lighting in specific situations, they are not universally required for nighttime operation of a canoe, making the flashlight or lantern the most appropriate and practical choice for a canoe operating after dark.